Iranian International Journal Of Social Sciences
Volume:2 Issue: 2, Spring 2012

Identity and collective memory is one of the fascinating subjects in modern sociology. In Iran, it arose again as modern and government-nation discourse emerged, and has been endlessly discussed since then. Such subjects have assumed an increasing importance due to the multi-cultural and multi-ethical existence of Iranian society and recent global developments. Accordingly, the present study has been undertaken to examine the relationship between historical memory, ethnic identity and globalization in Kurdistan, Iran and has been carried out through survey and technical of interviewing with the statistical population of 455 over 15 years old in Sanandaj The results show high mean ethnic identity of old generation, historical memory of middle-aged and young generation exposed to international media. Also, the findings reveal that firstly, Kurdish socialization, secondly, the feeling of ethnic discrimination, and thirdly, historical memory have had the highest impact on the variable of ethnic identity, and in general, account for about 34% of changes in Kurdish identity.

Our country, Iran, is in the category of waterless and survived countries because of lack of climate downfalls to its unsuitable local to temporal transmittance. Environmental concerns mainly after 1960s that have boon seriously proposed in universal politics, created a variety of assessments. In the late decades, environmental change such as: climate change, has caused chief challenges for the human security that the most immediate on is the scarcity if biological resources. Although this crisis is not is not the immediate factor in war formation. It creates pressures which amplifies the emotions and stimulate ethnic clash, anxiety disturbance and rebellion. Tran, as one of the most powerful countries in the Middle East and Persian Gulf area is exposing to environmental threats. Factors like the pollution of air, rivers and seas, drought, climate change. Population increase, immigration and producing energy have considerable effects on casing insecurity disbanding public order to more important than all National security .In this article ,in addition to mentioning the factors involving in the water crisis same solution , will presented at the national level.

Family as the smallest and the most fundamental structure of the society forms the basis and foundation of the society and in the meantime marriage itself can be considered as the basis and foundation of the family. Considering the importance of marriage, changing and transitions and creating disorder in the process of the marriage is a social problem which may be affected both the basis of the family and the basis of the society. Increasing the age of marriage is one of these problems that many of the societies are involved in this problem. Taking this point into account, the main aim of the study is to recognize the effective factors on increasing the age of marriage among the girls. The method used in this study was measurement that the required data collected through the questionnaire. The samples of this study were girls between 25 to 40 years old in Givi city (urban districts 1&2). The main subjects were 110 girls which gathered by Cochran formula. Also, sampling process achieved randomly and data analysis unit was based on individual. Data was analyzed in two descriptive and inferential levels considering the symmetrical data. The results showed that there was no relationship among economical-social status, residential area, and marriage criteria with increasing the age of marriage in Givi city's girls. In opposition, there was a meaningful relationship between hindrance to the culture and increasing age of marriage. The results show that among the factors such as position, residential area, marriage criteria, hindrance to the culture, the only factor that affects the increase in the age of marriage was hindrance to the culture.

The process of collection development, collection generating and obtaining information is of basic debates in libraries and information centers which a lot of articles have been written about the methods of collection development of information as well as the application of information technology, accordingly, to this day. This article, as opposed to other articles, which are about the prevailing methods of collection development and also the application of information technology in collection of libraries development and information centers, analyses the role of knowledge management, corporate culture, extension of relations as well as the development of human resources and their social role in the expansion of information collection; and finally, some scientific and studious centers and universities in Iran which started their collection of information development and their knowledge concerning the use of knowledge management and more noticing the human resources, are presented.

Present paper is an attempt to estimate the impact of Economic and Geographic indicators in trade among Islamic countries according to a bilateral trade model as Gravity model, and study the relationship between Economy, Geography and Trade in this way. Fixed effect version of the panel data estimation producer with OIC member country data spanning over the 2007–2012. The result of this research is as bellow:First; increases in Gross Domestic Product (GDP), population, the technology of importers (countries) and decreases in area of the countries and the exchange rate of importer enhance the trade among Muslim countries. Secondly, distance (as a geographical indicator) is not the only factor affecting trade but also this factor with other geographic criteria (area and population) and economic (GDP, exchange rate and technology) impact on trade. Thus economic and geographic indicators are the effective factors in improving trade among Muslim countries.

This study questions why this is so and analyses the factors that prevent women from participating in the parliamentary election in Iran. The purpose of this research is to study the An Analysis of the Factors Influencing Women’s Participation in the Parliamentary election in Iran. It focuses on socio-political factors influencing the participation of women as electorate in the five General Elections between 1991 and 2008.This became necessary because fundamentally women’s participation in politics begins with awareness as a part of the electorate. . The present study from the aim point of view is functional and it is descriptive-correlation from the method view of data collection due to the relation between research variables and one of its significant advantages is the capability of generalizing its results. In this study, the statistical population consists of all women who participated in five National parliamentary Elections in Masjedsoliman city in Iran during the period of 1991-2008. The statistical sample of this research includes 495 women who participated in five National parliamentary Elections in Masjedsoliman city in Iran. For each period 99 women will form the sample. This method ensures adequate allocation of the available sample. In order to gather data has used two questionnaires which as: Demographic information, participation of women in politics. For analyzing the data, descriptive statistics (Mean, Standard Deviation…) and inferential statistics (Khido and Creamer Correlation Coefficient, Krukal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney U Test) were applied. Fundamentally, more women were available as sample population for statistical testing so essential to make this a cross-sectional data analysis thesis which was also longitudinal. There is comparative study to show that all over the world women have entered the socio-political ranks and face high political organizational duties. In Iran, women do participate in the middle and micromanagement but their progress in parliamentary election, decision making and policy making has not been immense. The formal statistics show that half of the populations of Iran are women. So, it is necessary that they participate in social, cultural and economic domain to bring about change and sustain new development in the society.

The study aims to review library administrators, role in strategic planning to improve staffs, practice in Sari universities. It is a descriptive-survey study. The statistical population includes 41 library administrators and staff in Sari province but 35 subjects responded to the questionnaire used to gather the data. The data indicate that there is a significant relationship between administrators, strategic planning and staffs, job satisfaction increase, organization a commitment, working conscience increase, job motivation, and communicational productivity and skill.